Blockchain-Based Secure Land Registration System

Abstract

Land registration systems are fundamental for maintaining legal ownership records and ensuring property rights. However, conventional land registration systems rely on centralized authorities and manual record management, making them vulnerable to fraud, unauthorized modification, corruption, and data inconsistency. Manipulation of land records often results in ownership disputes, delayed transactions, and loss of public trust in land administration authorities.
This paper proposes a Blockchain-Based Secure Land Registration System that provides transparency, immutability, and integrity for land ownership records. The system records land transactions in a blockchain ledger where each transaction is cryptographically linked using the SHA-256 hashing algorithm. Smart contracts are employed to automate ownership transfer and enforce predefined rules, reducing reliance on intermediaries.
The proposed framework ensures tamper detection, verifiable ownership history, and secure record management. The system is lightweight, cost-effective, and suitable for institutional and governmental land administration. The implementation demonstrates that blockchain technology significantly enhances trust, transparency, and reliability in land registration processes.