Diabetic Neuropathy: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Therapies

Abstract

The main purpose of this review is to study the risk factor / pathogenesis, prevalence, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment for Diabetic Neuropathy. It also emphasises the role of pharmacist in counselling the patient who is suffering from Diabetic neuropathy. Methods: A review on focusing diagnosis, symptoms, pathogenesis and treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy was conducted. The record of Google, ResearchGate, Nature, Watermark. silver chair, onlinelibrary. wley, sciencedirect, pubmed annual reviews, were also searched. Content: In 2021, across India. a large-scale survey was conducted, as per their result, it was found that over 43 percent of the respondents are suffering from diabetes mellitus and their age is above in years. Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of neuropathy. In the USA, it is estimated that. 11.6% of the Dos population had diabetes. As per 2024 statistics 8.7M adults have undiagnosed diabetes, 29.3 million have diagnosed diabetes and 115.9 million have pre-diabetes. Diabetic neuropathy is a serious diabetes. complication that may affect 50% of people who are suffering from diabetes. India has estimated that 100 million people (i.e. 1 in 10 Indians) are officially diagnosed with diabetes, which makes it the second most affected in the world after China. Neuropathy occurs in both non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and insulin dependent diabetes. It may develop sooner after diagnosis in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Generally diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage that can occur by diabetes; due to the highly increased level of blood glucose level It mostly affects the legs and feet. Medications are selected by considering the type of diabetic neuropathy symptoms and side effects. Even if rapid pain relief is necessary.