COMPARATIVE SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF G+15 RCC BUILDING WITH DIFFERENT PLAN SHAPES ON PLAIN AND SLOPING TERRAIN USING STAAD PRO

Abstract

Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural hazards, causing extensive damage to buildings, bridges, and other civil engineering structures. Unlike gravity loads, earthquake forces are dynamic in nature and produce horizontal as well as vertical ground motions that induce inertia forces throughout a structure. The magnitude of these forces depends on several factors, including the mass, stiffness, height, structural configuration, foundation conditions, and characteristics of the supporting soil. Inadequate consideration of these factors during design may result in excessive deformation, structural damage, or complete collapse.
India is located in one of the most seismically active regions of the world. Approximately 58% of the country's land area falls under Seismic Zones III, IV, and V as classified by IS 1893 (Part 1):2016. Rapid urbanization, increasing population, and limited availability of land have led to the construction of multi-storey and high-rise reinforced cement concrete (RCC) buildings in both metropolitan cities and hilly regions. Consequently, the seismic safety of such structures has become a major concern for structural engineers.