Design and Development of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) with Dual Charging System (Grid and Solar Powered)

Abstract

The rapid adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is essential for reducing carbon emissions, yet it places significant strain on existing electrical grids. This paper presents the design and implementation of a hybrid charging system that integrates solar photovoltaic (PV) energy with the conventional power grid. To maximize energy harvesting, a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller is employed. The system is designed to prioritize solar energy, switching automatically to grid power during periods of low irradiance or nighttime. Experimental results and simulations indicate that the hybrid approach ensures uninterrupted charging, reduces dependency on fossil-fuel-based electricity, and improves overall system efficiency. The project demonstrates the feasibility of sustainable EV infrastructure for both urban and rural applications.